Hardenable material structure construction apparatus and method

ABSTRACT

A construction apparatus constituted of: a support structure comprising a support frame, a first inner support arm extending from the support frame and a first outer support arm extending from the support frame; a support extension member; a first enclosure member; and a second enclosure member, the second enclosure member positioned in parallel with the first enclosure member such that a space is defined therebetween, wherein the first outer support arm is juxtaposed with the outer face of the first enclosure member, wherein the first inner support arm is juxtaposed with the outer face of the second enclosure member, wherein the support extension member extends through the first enclosure member and the second enclosure member, and wherein the first end of the support extension member is secured to the first outer support arm and the second end of the support extension member is secured to the first inner support arm.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority from: U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 14/682,133, filed Apr. 9, 2015 and titled “HARDENABLE MATERIALSTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION APPARATUS AND METHOD”; Israeli patent applicationS/N 239991, filed Jul. 16, 2015 and titled “WALL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM ANDMETHOD”; and U.S. provisional patent application Ser. 62/259,693, filedNov. 25, 2015 and titled “HARDENABLE MATERIAL STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTIONAPPARATUS AND METHOD”. The entire contents of each of the above areincorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates generally to the field of construction and inparticular to a hardenable material structure construction apparatus andmethod.

BACKGROUND

Concrete has been used for construction since ancient times and inrecent years several different types of hardenable material, i.e. liquidmaterial which harden into a solid material, which provide similar orsuperior properties to concrete, have been developed. Traditionally, inorder to construct a concrete wall a metal grid is erected and a form isbuilt for the concrete with a large number of wooden beams on bothsides, the wooden beams connected to each other and otherwise reinforcedso as not to buckle when the concrete is poured. Concrete is then pouredbetween the erected wooden beams and left to harden. After the concretehardens, the wooden beams are removed thereby exposing the concretewall. The inside of the concrete wall is then typically insulated withthermal insulation material and a cinder block wall is erected over thethermal insulation. Additionally, a facade is built on the outer side ofthe concrete wall, generally secured to the concrete wall with plaster.

Unfortunately, the traditional method of concrete construction suffersfrom several disadvantages. Firstly, erecting the many wooden beams toproduce a form for the concrete requires significant manual labor, whichincreases cost and complexity. Secondly, providing thermal insulationwithin the building creates thermal bridges at the ceiling/floor of eachlevel. Although methods for thermally insulating the outer side of theconcrete wall do exist, outdoor thermal insulation adds costs andcomplexity due to the unique challenges of outdoor construction.Additionally, the plaster securing the insulation to the outside of theconcrete wall is porous and any water droplets which enter the plasterwill expand when heated during the day, thereby causing an expansion ofthe plaster. Such an expansion will apply pressure to the facade, whichcan cause damage thereto. In the event that the facade is made of stone,the stones can fall off the building, which can cause damage and bodilyharm. The same disadvantage applies for a facade directly secured to theconcrete wall with plaster. A third disadvantage is that a stone facadesecured with plaster is only weakly secured to the concrete wall,thereby risking that the stones can fall off.

Although many premade concrete forms have been developed to reduce theamount of wooden beam construction on site, the other disadvantagesstill remain. Additionally, although wooden beam construction isreduced, each concrete form type presents new challenges which increasecost and complexity.

It is therefore an object of the present disclosure to overcome at leastpart of the disadvantages of the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, it is a principal object of the present invention toovercome disadvantages of prior art methods and arrangements ofhardenable material construction. This is provided in one embodiment bya temporary hardenable material construction apparatus comprising: asupport structure comprising a support frame, a first inner support armextending from the support frame and a first outer support arm extendingfrom the support frame; at least one support extension member, the atleast one support extension member exhibiting a first end and a secondend opposing the first end; a first enclosure member exhibiting an innerface and an outer face opposing the inner face; and a second enclosuremember exhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing the innerface, the second enclosure member positioned in parallel with the firstenclosure member such that a space is defined between the inner face ofthe first enclosure member and the inner face of the second enclosuremember, wherein the first outer support arm is juxtaposed with the outerface of the first enclosure member, wherein the first inner support armis juxtaposed with the outer face of the second enclosure member,wherein the at least one support extension member extends through thefirst enclosure member and the second enclosure member such that thefirst end of the at least one support extension member extends past theouter face of the first enclosure member and the second end of the atleast one support extension member extends past the outer face of thesecond enclosure member, and wherein the first end of the at least onesupport extension member is secured to the first outer support arm andthe second end of the at least one support extension member is securedto the first inner support arm.

In one embodiment, the support structure further comprises a firstextension arm extending from the support frame, the extension of thefirst outer support arm from the support frame responsive to the firstouter support arm being secured to the first extension arm and theextension of the first inner support arm from the support frameresponsive to the first inner support arm being secured to the firstextension arm. In one further embodiment, the support structure furthercomprises a second extension arm extending from the support frame, asecond inner support arm secured to the second extension arm and asecond outer support arm secured to the second extension arm, whereinthe at least one support extension member comprises a plurality ofsupport extension members, the first end of a first of the plurality ofsupport extension members secured to the first outer support arm, thefirst end of a second of the plurality of support extension memberssecured to the second outer support arm, the second end of the first ofthe plurality of support extension members secured to the first innersupport arm and the second end of the second of the plurality of supportextension members secured to the second inner support arm.

In one embodiment, the support structure further comprises a pluralityof elongated strengthening arms, each exhibiting a first end and asecond end opposing the first end, wherein the first end of each of theplurality of elongated strengthening arms is secured to the first innersupport arm and the second end of each of the plurality of elongatedstrengthening arms is secured to the second inner support arm. Inanother embodiment, the distance between the support frame and thesecond enclosure member is 60-120 centimeters.

In one embodiment, the distance between the support frame and the secondenclosure member is 80-100 centimeters. In another embodiment, theapparatus further comprises a plurality of free extension members, eachof the plurality of free extension members exhibiting a first end and asecond end opposing the first end, wherein each of the plurality of freeextension members extends through the first enclosure member and thesecond enclosure member, and wherein the first end of each of theplurality of free extension members is not secured to the first outersupport arm and the second end of each of the plurality of freeextension members is not secured to the first inner support arm.

In one embodiment, the first inner support arm extends across theentirety of the outer face of the second enclosure member, wherein thefirst outer support arm extends across the entirety of the outer face ofthe first enclosure member. In another embodiment, the first enclosuremember comprises: a plurality of strips; and a plurality of slabs, eachof the plurality of slabs exhibiting a first face, a second faceopposing the first face, a first side extending from the first face tothe second face and a second side opposing the first side, each of thefirst side and the second side exhibiting a slit therealong, the slitconfigured to receive a respective one of the plurality of strips,wherein the first side of each of the plurality of slabs faces thesecond side of another of the plurality of slabs, a respective one ofthe plurality of strips disposed within the slit of the first side ofthe respective slab and within the slit of the second side of theanother respective slab, and wherein each of the at least one supportextension member extends through a respective one of the plurality ofstrips. In one further embodiment, the apparatus further comprises aplurality of L-shaped corner members, each of the L-shaped cornermembers exhibiting a first end and a second end perpendicular to thefirst end, the slit of each of the plurality of slabs further configuredto receive one of a first end and a second end of a respective one ofthe plurality of L-shaped corner members, wherein the at least one firstenclosure member comprises a pair of first enclosure members positionedperpendicular to each other, the first end of each of the plurality ofL-shaped corner members disposed within the slit of the first side of arespective one of the plurality of slabs of a first of the pair of firstenclosure members and the second end of each of the plurality ofL-shaped corner members disposed within the slit of the first side of arespective one of the plurality of slabs of a second of the pair offirst enclosure members.

In one embodiment, the first enclosure member comprises: a plurality offacade members; and a plurality of facade securing elements, each of theplurality of facade securing elements secured to a perimeter of arespective one of the plurality of facade members, wherein each of theat least one support extension member extends through a respective oneof the plurality of facade securing elements. In another embodiment, thefirst enclosure member comprises: an outer layer exhibiting an innerface and an outer face opposing the inner face, the outer face of thefirst enclosure member comprising the outer face of the outer layer; andan insulation layer exhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposingthe inner face, the inner face of the insulation layer facing the innerface of the second enclosure member, the outer face of the insulationlayer facing the inner face of the outer layer.

In one further embodiment, the outer face of the insulation layer is indirect contact with the inner face of the outer layer. In one yetfurther embodiment, the apparatus further comprises: a grid assemblydisposed within the defined space; at least one securing member, each ofthe at least one securing members disposed on a respective one of the atleast one support extension member and juxtaposed with the insulationlayer to secure the insulation layer to the outer layer; and wherein thegrid assembly is secured to the at least one extension member so as toseparate the grid assembly from the insulation layer by at least apredetermined distance.

In one independent embodiment, a structure is provided, the structurecomprising: a plurality of extension members, each of the plurality ofextension members exhibiting a first end and a second end opposing thefirst end; a first enclosure member exhibiting an inner face and anouter face opposing the inner face; and a second enclosure memberexhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing the inner face, thesecond enclosure member positioned in parallel with the first enclosuremember such that a space is defined between the inner face of the firstenclosure member and the inner face of the second enclosure member, thespace filled with a wall layer of hardenable material; wherein each ofthe plurality of extension members extends through the first enclosuremember and the second enclosure member, and wherein the first enclosuremember comprises: a plurality of facade members; and a plurality offacade securing elements, each of the plurality of facade securingelements secured to a perimeter of a respective one of the plurality offacade members, wherein each of the plurality of extension membersextends through a respective one of the plurality of facade securingelements.

In one embodiment, each of the plurality of facade securing elementscomprises a strip, wherein each of the plurality of facade memberscomprises a slab, each of the plurality of slabs exhibiting a firstface, a second face opposing the first face, a first side extending fromthe first face to the second face and a second side opposing the firstside, each of the first side and the second side exhibiting a slittherealong, the slit configured to receive a respective one of theplurality of strips, and wherein the first side of each of the pluralityof slabs faces the second side of another of the plurality of slabs, arespective one of the plurality of strips disposed within the slit ofthe first side of the respective slab and within the slit of the secondside of the another respective slab, each of the plurality of extensionmembers extending through a respective one of the plurality of strips.In one further embodiment, the structure further comprises a pluralityof L-shaped corner members, each of the L-shaped corner membersexhibiting a first end and a second end perpendicular to the first end,the slit of each of the plurality of slabs further configured to receiveone of a first end and a second end of a respective one of the pluralityof L-shaped corner members, wherein the at least one first enclosuremember comprises a pair of first enclosure members positionedperpendicular to each other, the first end of each of the plurality ofL-shaped corner members disposed within the slit of the first side of arespective one of the plurality of slabs of a first of the pair of firstenclosure members and the second end of each of the plurality ofL-shaped corner members disposed within the slit of the first side of arespective one of the plurality of slabs of a second of the pair offirst enclosure members.

In another embodiment, the first enclosure member comprises: an outerlayer exhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing the innerface, the outer face of the first enclosure member comprising the outerface of the outer layer, the outer layer comprising the plurality offacade members and the plurality of facade securing elements; and aninsulation layer exhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing theinner face, the inner face of the insulation layer facing the inner faceof the second enclosure member, the outer face of the insulation layerfacing the inner face of the outer layer. In one further embodiment, theouter face of the insulation layer is in direct contact with the innerface of the outer layer.

In another further embodiment, the structure further comprises: a gridassembly disposed within the hardenable material; a plurality ofsecuring members, each of the plurality of securing members disposed ona respective one of the plurality of extension members and juxtaposedwith the insulation layer to secure the insulation layer to the outerlayer; and wherein the grid assembly is secured to one of the pluralityof extension members so as to separate the grid assembly from theinsulation layer by at least a predetermined distance.

In one embodiment, the structure further comprises: a ceiling panelpositioned over the second enclosure member; and a ceiling layer ofhardenable material disposed on the ceiling panel, the insulation layerof the first enclosure member rising above the ceiling layer ofhardenable material.

In another independent embodiment, a hardenable material constructionmethod is provided, the method comprising: juxtaposing an outer face ofa first enclosure member to a first outer support arm, the first outersupport arm extending from a support frame; securing a first end of atleast one support extension member to the first outer support arm;juxtaposing a first inner support arm to an outer face of a secondenclosure member, the first inner support arm extending from a supportframe; securing a second end of the at least one support extensionmember to the first inner support arm; and subsequent to the securingthe at least one support extension member to the first inner supportarm, placing hardenable material into the space defined between an innerface of the first enclosure member and an inner face of the secondenclosure member, the inner face of the first enclosure member opposingthe outer face of the first enclosure member and the inner face of thesecond enclosure member opposing the outer face of the second enclosuremember, wherein the secured at least one support extension memberextends through the first enclosure member and the second enclosuremember.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises, prior to the placing:securing the first outer support arm to a first extension arm extendingfrom the support frame, the extension of the first outer support armfrom the support frame responsive to the securing; and securing thefirst inner support arm to the first extension arm, the extension of thefirst inner support arm from the support frame responsive to thesecuring. In one further embodiment, the at least one support extensionmember comprises a plurality of support extension members, the methodfurther comprising, prior to the placing: securing a second outersupport arm to a second extension arm extending from the support frame;and securing a second inner support arm to the second extension arm,wherein the first end of a first of the plurality of support extensionmembers secured to the first outer support arm, the first end of asecond of the plurality of support extension members secured to thesecond outer support arm, the second end of the first of the pluralityof support extension members secured to the first inner support arm andthe second end of the second of the plurality of support extensionmembers secured to the second inner support arm.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises, prior to the placing:securing a first end of each of a plurality of elongated strengtheningarms to the first inner support arm; and securing a second end of eachof the plurality of elongated strengthening arms to the support frame.In another embodiment, the distance between the support frame and thesecond enclosure member is 60-120 centimeters.

In one embodiment, the distance between the support frame and the secondenclosure member is 80-100 centimeters. In another embodiment, themethod further comprises, prior to the placing, extending a plurality offree extension members through the first enclosure member and the secondenclosure member, wherein the extended free extension members are notsecured to the first inner support arm or to the first outer supportarm.

In one embodiment, the first inner support arm extends across theentirety of the outer face of the second enclosure member, and whereinthe first outer support arm extends across the entirety of the outerface of the first enclosure member. In another embodiment, the methodfurther comprises: a) positioning a first side of each of a plurality ofslabs to face a second side of another of the plurality of slabs, thesecond side of each of the plurality of slabs opposing the first sidethereof, the first side and second side of each of the plurality ofslabs exhibiting a slit configured to receive a respective one of aplurality of strips; b) disposing a respective one of the plurality ofstrips within the slit of the first side of each of the plurality ofslabs and the slit of the second side of the respective another slab;and c) inserting each of the at least on support extension memberthrough a respective one of the plurality of strips, wherein the firstenclosure member is formed responsive to steps a-b.

In one further embodiment, the method further comprises disposing eachof a plurality of L-shaped corner members, each exhibiting a first endand a second end perpendicular to the first end, within the slit of thefirst side of a first of the plurality of slabs and within the slit ofthe first side of a second of the plurality of slabs.

In one embodiment, the at least one support extension member comprises aplurality of support extension members, the method further comprising,prior to the placing, inserting each of the plurality of supportextension members through a respective one of a plurality of facadesecuring elements, each of the plurality of facade securing elementssecured to a perimeter of a respective one of a plurality of facademembers, wherein the first enclosure member comprises the plurality offacade members. In another embodiment, the method further comprises,prior to the placing: d) positioning an outer face of an insulationlayer to face an inner face of an outer layer so as to form the firstenclosure member, wherein the outer layer exhibits an outer faceopposing the inner face thereof, the outer face of the first enclosuremember comprising the outer face of the outer layer, and wherein theinsulation layer exhibits an inner face opposing the outer face thereof,the inner face of the first enclosure member comprising the inner faceof the insulation layer.

In one further embodiment, step d comprises positioning the outer faceof the insulation layer to be in direct contact with the inner face ofthe outer layer. In another further embodiment, the method furthercomprises, prior to the placing: disposing a grid assembly within thespace defined between the first enclosure member and the secondenclosure member; securing the insulation layer to the outer layer witha plurality of securing members, each of the plurality of securingmembers disposed on a respective one of the plurality of extensionmembers; and securing the grid assembly to one of the plurality ofextension members so as to separate the grid assembly from theinsulation layer by at least a predetermined distance.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will become apparentfrom the following drawings and description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same maybe carried into effect, reference will now be made, purely by way ofexample, to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals designatecorresponding elements or sections throughout.

With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressedthat the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes ofillustrative discussion of the preferred embodiments of the presentinvention only, and are presented in the cause of providing what isbelieved to be the most useful and readily understood description of theprinciples and conceptual aspects of the invention. In this regard, noattempt is made to show structural details of the invention in moredetail than is necessary for a fundamental understanding of theinvention, the description taken with the drawings making apparent tothose skilled in the art how the several forms of the invention may beembodied in practice. In the accompanying drawings:

FIGS. 1A-1B illustrate various high level views of a temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus comprising freestandablesupport frames, according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 1C illustrates a high level perspective view of the temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus of FIGS. 1A-1B furthercomprising hardenable material, according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 1D illustrates a high level perspective view of a wall of thehardenable material of FIG. 1C, without the freestandable support framesof FIGS. 1A-1B, according to certain embodiments;

FIGS. 2A-2B illustrate various high level views of an enclosure membercomprising a plurality of slitted slabs and a plurality of stripsdisposed therewithin, according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 2C illustrates a high level view of a slab of FIGS. 2A-2B,according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 2D illustrates a high level view of a strip of FIGS. 2A-2B,according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 2E illustrates a high level view of a temporary hardenable materialconstruction apparatus comprising the enclosure member of FIGS. 2A-2B,according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 2F illustrates a high level view of the temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus of FIG. 2E, further comprising aninsulation layer, according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 2G illustrates a high level view of a portion of the temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus of FIG. 2E, according tocertain embodiments;

FIG. 2H illustrates a high level view of an L-shaped corner member,according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 2I illustrates a high level view of a pair of perpendicularlypositioned enclosure members of FIGS. 2A-2B, according to certainembodiments;

FIGS. 3A-3D illustrate various high level views of a temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus further comprising a pair ofgrid assemblies and a double layer enclosure member, according tocertain embodiments;

FIG. 4 illustrates a high level schematic top view of a temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus comprising a spiralstaircase, according to certain embodiments;

FIGS. 5A-5E illustrate various high level views of a temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus comprising a ceiling panel,according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 5F illustrates a high level perspective view of a temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus in an advanced stage ofconstruction, according to certain embodiments;

FIG. 5G illustrates a high level perspective view of a freestandablesupport frame configured with separate upper and lower sections,according to certain embodiments;

FIGS. 6A-6C illustrate various high level flow charts of a firsthardenable material construction method, according to certainembodiments;

FIGS. 7A-7I illustrates various high level views of various stages ofconstruction using a temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus comprising support structures, according to certainembodiments; and

FIGS. 8A-8B illustrate various high level flow charts of a secondhardenable material construction method, according to certainembodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, itis to be understood that the invention is not limited in its applicationto the details of construction and the arrangement of the components setforth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. Theinvention is applicable to other embodiments or of being practiced orcarried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that thephraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose ofdescription and should not be regarded as limiting.

FIG. 1A illustrates a high level perspective view of a temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus 10 and FIG. 1B illustrates ahigh level side view of temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 10, FIGS. 1A-1B being described together.

Temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 10 comprises: aplurality of freestandable support frames 20, each exhibiting a firstface 22, a second face 24 opposing first face 22, a plurality ofreceiving members 25 (not shown) extending across first face 22, a baseportion 26, a top portion 27 opposing base portion 26, a first side 28and a second side 29 opposing first side 28; a plurality offreestandable support frames 30, each exhibiting a first face 32, asecond face 34 opposing first face 32, a plurality of receiving members35 extending across first face 32, a base portion 36, a top portion 37opposing base portion 36, a first side 38 and a second side 39 opposingfirst side 38; a plurality of extension members 40, each exhibiting afirst end 42 and a second end 44 opposing first end 42; an enclosuremember 50, exhibiting an inner face 52 and an outer face 54 opposinginner face 52; and an enclosure member 60, exhibiting an inner face 62and an outer face 64 opposing inner face 62.

The term ‘freestandable’, as used herein, means that the support frameis able to stand on its own when placed on a surface without anyadditional supports securing it to another support structure or theground. In one embodiment, each freestandable support frame 20 and 30 isconstituted of any of, or a combination of, wood, plastic, metal orother polymers such as PVC and polycarbonate. In one embodiment,freestandable support frames 20 and 30 are each reusable frames.Receiving members 25, 35 of each respective freestandable support frame20, 30 are illustrated as extending horizontally across respective firstface 22, 32 thereof, however this is not meant to be limiting in anyway. In another embodiment, receiving members 25, 35 extend verticallyacross the respective first face 22, 32, without exceeding the scope. Inyet another embodiment, receiving members 25, 35 of each respectivefreestandable support frame 20, 30 are provided as a single boardcovering the respective first face 22, 32, without exceeding the scope.

First freestandable support members 20 and second freestandable supportmembers 30 are each illustrated as being generally rectangular shaped,however this is not meant to be limiting in any way. Particularly, firstfreestandable support members 20 and second freestandable supportmembers 30 are shaped in accordance to the shapes of enclosure member 50and enclosure member 60, which can be provided in any shape according tothe construction plans.

First side 28 and second side 29 of each freestandable support frame 20extends from first face 22 to second face 24 and from base portion 26 totop portion 27. In one embodiment, first sides 28 and second sides 29are each open, i.e. a person can walk therethrough. In anotherembodiment, base portion 26 of each freestandable support frame 20 is agenerally flat and closed surface. In one embodiment, the distancebetween first face 22 and second face 24 of each freestandable supportframe 20 is about 120 centimeters. Particularly, the distance betweenfirst face 22 and second face 24 is arranged such that two people canboth work side by side within a single freestandable support frame 20.In another embodiment, the distance between first side 28 and secondside 29 of each freestandable support frame 20 is about 60 centimeters.First side 38 and second side 39 of each freestandable support frame 30extends from first face 32 to second face 34 and from base portion 36 totop portion 37. In one embodiment, the distance between first face 32and second face 34 of each freestandable support frame 30 is at least 60centimeters, optionally about 60 centimeters. In another embodiment, thedistance between first side 38 and second side 39 of each freestandablesupport frame 30 is at least 120 centimeter, optionally about 120centimeters. These dimensions allow for freestandable support frames 20,30 to have a wide enough base to support themselves to be freestandablewhile also allowing a comfortable work space therein. In onenon-limiting embodiment, the distance between base portion 26 and topportion 27, and the distance between base portion 36 and top portion 37,is at least 2 meters, optionally at least 2.7 meters, so as to allow theconstruction of a building wall. In one embodiment, each of first faces22 and 32, second faces 24 and 34, base portions 26 and 36, top portions27 and 37, first sides 28 and 28, and second sides 29 and 39 aregenerally rectangular.

As will be described below, in one embodiment each extension member 40exhibits a plurality of grooves. Enclosure member 50 is positioned inparallel with enclosure member 60 such that a space 70 is definedbetween inner face 52 of enclosure member 50 and inner face 62 ofenclosure member 60. Thus, inner face 52 is defined as the face ofenclosure member 50 which faces, and defines, space 70 and outer face 54is defined as the face of enclosure member 50 which faces away fromspace 70. Similarly, inner face 62 is defined as the face of enclosuremember 60 which faces, and defines, space 70 and outer face 64 isdefined as the face of enclosure member 60 which faces away from space70. As will be described below, a hardenable material is arranged to bepoured into space 70.

First face 22 of each freestandable support frame 20 is juxtaposed withouter face 54 of enclosure member 50 and in one embodiment is flushtherewith. As illustrated, first face 22 of each freestandable supportframe 20 is substantially completely covered by outer face 54 ofenclosure member 50. In one embodiment, as illustrated, first face 22 isrectangular shaped, with the sides of first face 22 which are defined byfirst side 28 and second side 29 being longer than the sides of firstface 22 which are defined by base portion 26 and top portion 27. Firstside 28 of each freestandable support frame 20 faces second side 29 ofan adjacently positioned freestandable support frame 20 so as to form arow of freestandable support frames 20. In one embodiment, eachfreestandable support frame 20 is secured to an adjacent freestandablesupport frame 20. First face 32 of each freestandable support frame 30is juxtaposed with outer face 64 of enclosure member 60 and in oneembodiment is flush therewith. As illustrated, first face 32 of eachfreestandable support frame 30 is substantially completely covered byouter face 64 of enclosure member 60. In one embodiment, as illustrated,first face 32 is rectangular shaped, with the sides of first face 32which are defined by first side 38 and second side 39 being longer thanthe sides of first face 32 which are defined by base portion 36 and topportion 37. First side 38 of each freestandable support frame 30 facessecond side 39 of an adjacently positioned freestandable support frame30 so as to form a row of freestandable support frames 30. In oneembodiment, each freestandable support frame 30 is secured to anadjacent freestandable support frame 30.

Each extension member 40 extends through enclosure member 50, space 70and enclosure member 60 such that first end 42 of each extension member40 extends past outer face 54 of enclosure member 50 and second end 44of each extension member 40 extends past outer face 64 of enclosuremember 60. Additionally, first end 42 of each extension member 40 issecured to a receiving member 25 of a respective one of freestandablesupport frames 20. In one embodiment, where freestandable support frames20 are constituted of wood or plastic, first end 42 extends through therespective receiving member 25 and is secured thereto on one or bothsides thereof. In another embodiment, where freestandable support frames20 are constituted of metal, first end 42 is welded to the respectivereceiving member 25. Additionally, second end 44 of each extensionmember 40 is secured to a receiving member 35 of a respective one offreestandable support frames 30. In one embodiment, where freestandablesupport frames 30 are constituted of wood or plastic, second end 44extends through the respective receiving member 35 and is securedthereto on one or both sides thereof. In another embodiment, wherefreestandable support frames 30 are constituted of metal, second end 44is welded to the respective receiving member 35. In one embodiment, 24extension members 40 are secured to each freestandable support frame 20.

In one embodiment, as will be described further below in relation totemporary hardenable material construction apparatus 300, a steel gridassembly may be disposed within space 70. In another embodiment, waterand sanitation pipes and electric wiring may be disposed within space 70prior to pouring the hardenable material described below.

Temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 10 is illustratedand described as comprising a plurality of freestandable support frames20 and a plurality of freestandable support frames 30, however this isnot meant to be limiting in any way and a single freestandable supportframe 20 and a single freestandable support frame 30 may be providedwithout exceeding the scope. Advantageously, utilizing a plurality offreestandable support frames 20, 30 allows for the use of smallersupport frames which are light, easily portable and do not require acomplex manufacturing process.

As illustrated in FIG. 1C, a hardenable material 80 is poured into space70. In one embodiment, hardenable material 80 comprises concrete. Inanother embodiment, hardenable material 80 comprises any fluidicmaterial which hardens. For clarity, FIGS. 1A-1C are illustrated wherespace 70 is open at the ends of enclosure members 50, 60, howevertemporary hardenable material construction apparatus 10 is particularlycontemplated as comprising means for containing hardenable material 80within space 70. In one embodiment, as will be described below inrelation to temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 500,four perpendicular spaces 70 are constructed thereby creating a singleenclosed space for hardenable material 80. In another embodiment, theends of space 70 are covered with material to hold hardenable material80 therein.

As illustrated in FIG. 1D, after hardenable material 80 is poured intospace 70, and is allowed to harden, freestandable support frames 20, 30are removed. First end 42 and second end 44 of each extendable member 40is then sawed off. A wall 90 is thus provided, comprising enclosuremembers 50, 60 and hardened hardenable material 80. Advantageously, thehardened hardenable material 80 doesn't have to be covered withadditional wall sections, since enclosure members 50, 60 are alreadyattached thereto. However, in another embodiment, one or both ofenclosure members 50, 60 can be removed after hardenable material 80hardens, so the hardened hardenable material 80 can be covered withother materials or left exposed. As will be described further below, inone embodiment enclosure member 50 is secured to the hardened hardenablematerial 80 by extending members 40 and enclosure member 60 is securedto the hardened hardenable material by protrusions extending therefrom.Further advantageously, freestandable support frames 20, 30 can bereused since they do not need to be disassembled to be removed from wall90.

Temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 10 has beendescribe and illustrated as comprising one or more freestandable supportframes 20 and one or more freestandable support frames 30, however thisis not meant to be limiting in any way. In another embodiment,freestandable support frames 30 are not provided and extension members40 are secured to freestandable support frames 20. In anotherembodiment, freestandable support frames 20 are not provided andextension members 40 are secured to freestandable support frames 30.

In one embodiment (not shown), enclosure member 50 comprises: aplurality of facade members; and a plurality of facade securingelements, each of the plurality of facade securing elements secured to aperimeter of a respective one of the plurality of facade members. Firstend 42 of each extension member 40 extends through a respective one ofthe plurality of facade securing elements. The facade members aremembers which form a facade, such as stones. The facade members canexhibit any shape and dimensions which are desired. Optionally, theperimeter of each facade member, i.e. the sides thereof, exhibit aplurality of insertion holes, each the insertion holes containing arespective one of the plurality of facade securing elements. The facadesecuring elements are each designed to exhibit an opening to receivetherethrough an extension member 40. Enclosure member 50 is formed bypositioning the facade members along a single plane, each facade memberoptionally secured to an adjacent facade member with appropriatematerial, such as mortar.

FIG. 2A illustrates a high level perspective view of a portion of anenclosure member 100 comprising a plurality of slabs 110 and a pluralityof strips 120. FIG. 2B illustrates a full high level perspective view ofenclosure member 100. FIG. 2C illustrates a high level perspective viewof a slab 110. FIG. 2D illustrates a high level perspective view of astrip 120. FIG. 2E illustrates a high level perspective view of atemporary hardenable material construction apparatus 200. FIG. 2Fillustrates a high level perspective view of temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 200 further comprising an insulationlayer. FIG. 2G illustrates a high level perspective view of temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus 200 without freestandablesupport frames for clarity. FIG. 2H illustrates a high level perspectiveview of an L-shaped corner member 210. FIG. 2I illustrates a high levelperspective view of a pair of perpendicularly positioned enclosuremembers 100 secured to each other with a plurality of L-shaped cornermembers 210. FIGS. 2A-21 will be described together.

Each slab 110 exhibits: a first face 111; a second face 112 opposingfirst face 111; a first side 113 extending from first face 111 to secondface 112; a second side 114 extending from first face 111 to second face112 and opposing first side 113; a third side 115 extending from firstface 111 to second face 112 and from first side 113 to second side 114;and a fourth side 116 extending from first face 111 to second face 112and from first side 113 to second side 114, fourth side 116 opposingthird side 115. First side 113 and second side 114 of each slab 110exhibits a slit 130 extending therealong from third side 115 to fourthside 116. Slits 130 are each configured to receive a respective strip120. Particularly, the width of slit 130 is configured to be greaterthan, or equal to, the thickness of each strip 120.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2A-2B, enclosure member 100 is formed of aplurality of columns of slabs 110. Particularly, each column of slabs110 comprises a plurality of slabs 110 on top of each other such thatfirst side 113 of each slab 110 faces second side 114 of an adjacentslab 110. Columns of slabs 110 are positioned next to each other to formrows of slabs 110 such that third side 115 of each slab 110 faces fourthside 116 of an adjacent slab 110. Each strip 120 is disposed within slit130 of first side 113 of a respective slab 110 and within slit 130 ofsecond side 114 of the adjacent slab 110 which faces the respectivefirst side 113. In one embodiment, the length of each strip 120 isgreater than the length of each slit 130 such that each strip 120 isdisposed within slits 130 of slabs 110 from more than one column. Inanother embodiment, the length of each strip 120 is not greater than thelength of each slit 130, however strips 120 are disposed within slits130 such that each strip 120 is disposed within slits 130 of slabs 110from more than one column. As illustrated in FIG. 2D, each strip 120exhibits one or more holes.

Temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 200 of FIG. 2E isin all respects similar to temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 10, with the exception that enclosure member 50 is replacedwith enclosure member 100. As illustrated in FIG. 2G, wherefreestandable members 20, 30 are not shown for simplicity, extensionmembers 40 extend through holes 140 of strips 120. In one embodiment,after insertion through holes 140, extension members 40 are each weldedto the respective strip 120. In another embodiment, extension members 40each comprise a plurality of grooves and a nut is threaded onto eachextension member 40 on one or both sides of the respective strip 120.Securing enclosure member 100 with nuts, or by welding, keeps enclosuremember 100 from sliding along extension members 40.

In one embodiment, the depth of each slit 130 is configured to be lessthan half the width of each strip 120 such that when strip 120 isdisposed within slits 130 of the respective adjacent slabs 110, slabs110 do not meet and there is a space 135 between first side 113 of afirst of the adjacent slabs 110 and second side 114 of the second of theadjacent slabs 110, the respective extension member 40 extending throughthe space 135 between the respective first side 113 and second side 114.

In another embodiment, when forming enclosure member 100, a first slab110 is positioned and a strip 120 is disposed within slit 130 of firstside 113 thereof. At least two extension members 40 are then insertedthrough respective holes 140 of the disposed strip 120. An additionalslab 110 is then position on top of the first slab 110 such that thedisposed strip 120 is additionally disposed within second side 114 ofthe additional slab 110, the separation of the adjacent slabs 110 beingmaintained by the inserted extension members 40.

In order to add a window or door within the wall, a predetermined numberof slabs 110 are left out of enclosure member 100. In place of the leftout slabs 110, a frame is inserted which extends through space 70thereby not allowing hardenable material to enter the space surroundedby the inserted frame.

After hardenable material is poured into space 70, freestandable supportframes 20, 30 are removed and first and second ends 42, 44 of eachextension member 40 is sawed off. In one embodiment, the space betweeneach adjacent pair of slabs 110 is filled with a filling material.

In one embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 2F, an insulation layer 150 isfurther provided, juxtaposed with second faces 112 of slabs 110, as willbe described below in relation to temporary hardenable materialconstruction apparatus 300.

As illustrated in FIG. 2I, a pair of enclosure members 100 areillustrated being positioned perpendicularly to each other. A pluralityof L-shaped corner members 210, illustrated in FIG. 2H, are arranged toconnect the pair of enclosure members 100. Particularly, each L-shapedcorner member 210 exhibits a first half 212 and a second half 214,second half 214 being perpendicular to first half 212. First half 212 ofeach L-shaped corner member 210 is disposed within respective slits 130of a first of the pair of perpendicularly positioned enclosure members100 and second half 214 of each L-shaped corner member 210 is disposedwithin respective slits 130 of the second of the pair of perpendicularlypositioned enclosure members 100. Preferably, L-shaped corner members210 are each formed as a single piece, i.e. not two separate pieceswhich are welded or screwed together. Therefore, when hardenablematerial is poured into space 70 defined by both enclosure members 100,L-shaped corner members 210 secure enclosure members 100 to each otherso as not separate responsive to the pressure applied by the pouredhardenable material.

In another embodiment (not shown), slabs 110 are provided with slitswithin first face 111, the slits being of appropriate shape and sizesuch that a strip 120, or a portion thereof, can be inserted therein andsecured to slab 110. Extension members 40 are secured to strips 120,optionally by welding. Since the slits are within first face 111,thereby facing space 70, and not between adjacent slabs 110, extensionmembers 40 do not interfere with the placement of slabs 110 and the rowsof slabs 110 can be flush with each other.

FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of a temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 300; and FIG. 3B illustrates a side viewof temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 300, FIGS. 3A-3Bbeing described together. Temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 300 is in all respects similar to temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 10, further comprising a pair of gridassemblies 310 and a plurality of securing members 320. Additionally,enclosure member 50 is replaced with an enclosure member 330.

Enclosure member 330 comprises: an outer layer 340 exhibiting an innerface 342 and an outer face 344 opposing inner face 342; and aninsulation layer 350 exhibiting an inner face 352 and an outer face 354.In one embodiment, outer face 354 of insulation layer 350 is in directcontact with inner face 342 of outer layer 340, i.e. there is no plasterbetween insulation layer 350 and outer layer 340. As a result, whencondensation trapped between insulation layer 350 and outer layer 340turns into droplets during the night, the droplets will slide down innerface 342 of outer layer 340 and outer face 354 of insulation layer 350until reaching the ground. Advantageously, the condensation does notremain between insulation layer 350 and outer layer 340 and thus willnot expand during the day and cause damage and deformations of outerlayer 340.

In one embodiment, as described above in relation to temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus 200, outer layer 340comprises a plurality of slitted slabs coupled together with stripsdisposed within the slits of the slabs. In one embodiment, insulationlayer 350 comprises a panel of insulating material, such as polystyrene.In another embodiment, insulation layer 350 comprises a hardenableinsulating material which is sprayed onto inner face 342 of outer layer340, thereby forming a hardened insulation layer over inner face 342.Inner face 342 of outer layer 340 faces outer face 354 of insulationlayer 350. Inner face 352 of insulation layer 350 faces inner face 62 ofenclosure member 60, space 70 being defined by inner face 62 ofenclosure member 60 and inner face 352 of insulation layer 350.

Each grid assembly 310 is constructed of a grid of horizontal andvertical bars, preferably steel bars. Each grid assembly 310 isseparated from a respective one of enclosure member 330 and enclosuremember 60 by at least a predetermined distance. Preferably, thepredetermined distance is 1.5 centimeters. A pair of separation membersmay be attached to each extension member 40, optionally screwed thereon.The separation members are arranged to keep grid assemblies 310 frombecoming too close to the respective enclosure member 330, 60, to ensurethat each grid assembly 310 will be completely covered by the pouredhardenable material and to thereby retard corrosion of the grid bars. Inthe event that grid assemblies 310 become too close to the respectiveenclosure members 330, 60, the poured hardenable material may notseparate between them.

Each securing member 320 is attached to a respective one of extensionmembers 40, preferably screwed thereon, and disposed on inner face 352of insulation layer 350. Securing members 320 are arranged to pressinsulation layer 350 against outer layer 340 to secure insulation layer350 to outer layer 340 to further maintain the predetermined distancebetween insulation layer 350 and the adjacent grid assembly 310. In oneembodiment (not shown), an additional securing member is attached toeach extension member 40 and disposed on inner face 62 of enclosuremember 60 to secure enclosure member 60 to freestandable support frames30 while maintaining smooth contact therewith. Particularly, in theevent that a nut is screwed onto an extension member 40 and pressedagainst outer wall 64 of enclosure member 60, the additional securingmember is arranged to secure enclosure member 60 so as not toaccidentally be pushed or distorted from pressing the nut too much intoouter wall 64.

In one embodiment, grid assemblies 310 are welded to at least some ofextension members 40 at the predetermined distance from the respectiveone of enclosure members 330, 60.

In addition, each grid assembly 310, which may be positioned to besubstantially parallel to enclosure members 60 and 330 and substantiallyperpendicular to extension members 40, may be welded to a plurality ofextension members 40.

More particularly, bars of each grid assembly 310 may be welded to theextension members 40 by a weld formation to define a plurality ofrectilinear hoops H. Each hoop H is typically defined by eight welds:(1) weld j at the junction of a first extension member 40 and a firstvertical bar of grid assembly 310, (2) weld k at the junction of thefirst extension member and a second vertical bar of grid assembly 310which is transversally spaced from the first extension member, (3) weld1 at the junction of a second extension member located directly belowthe first extension member and the first vertical bar, (4) weld m at thejunction of the second extension member and the second vertical bar, (5)weld j′ (not shown) at the junction of a third extension member being atthe same height as, and longitudinally spaced from, the first extensionmember and a third vertical bar longitudinally spaced from the firstvertical bar, (6) weld k′ (not shown) at the junction of the thirdextension member and a fourth vertical bar transversally spaced from thethird extension member, (7) weld l′ (not shown) at the junction of afourth extension member located directly below the third extensionmember and the third vertical bar, and (8) weld m′ (not shown) at thejunction of the fourth extension member and the fourth vertical bar.

Similarly, a hoop may be defined by a weld at the junction of anextension member and a horizontal bar of grid assembly 310. Followingthe formation of a plurality of hoops H and the pouring and setting ofthe hardenable material, a reinforced wall structure of superior impactresistance is produced. Each hoop H confines a corresponding volume ofthe hardened material, particularly concrete, and significantlyincreases the strain capacity, often as much as ten-fold. The hoops Hact to restrain dilation of the hardened material as it is loaded incompression, and this confining action leads to increased compressivestrength and strain capacity. Indeed, tests conducted by the Applicantindicated that the impact resistance of the hoop-reinforced wallstructure of the present invention has an impact resistance of greaterthan 40% relative to prior art wall structures that are reinforced onlyby a grid assembly, and not by hoops.

It will be appreciated that improved impact resistance will be realizedeven when a hoop H is not contiguous with an adjacent hoop, althoughoptimum impact resistance is achieved when a wall structure includescontinuous and contiguous hoops.

The hoops generally follow the shape of the wall structure, whetherrectilinear or curvilinear, although the hoops may assume a differentshape than the wall structure, depending on the type of grid assemblyused and the relative placement of the grid assembly. Followingplacement of the grid assembly, a reinforcement splice or crosstie maybe employed to connect between an extension member and the grid assemblyif there is a gap therebetween.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3C, a prebent grid assembly 370may be employed. A planar grid assembly is preferably bent at a factoryby a dedicated bending machine to produce prebent grid assembly 370, butmay be also be bent in situ. Prebent grid assembly 370 has a rectilinearconfiguration with two longitudinal portions 372 and 373 and threetransversal portions 376-378. The rectilinear configuration simplifiesdeployment of the grid assembly in the space between the inner and outerstandable support frames, without need of bracing or the like tomaintain the grid assembly in an upright position by virtue of thestable rectilinear configuration. The first longitudinal portion 372which is the longest longitudinal portion and the first transversalportion 376 which is the longest transversal portion are adjacent andsubstantially perpendicular to each other.

The second transversal portion 377 which is adjacent and substantiallyperpendicular to the second longitudinal portion 373 and the thirdtransversal portion 378 which is adjacent and substantiallyperpendicular to the first longitudinal portion 372 may overlap eachother. For example, first longitudinal portion 372 has a length of 120cm and first transversal portion 376 has a length of 15 cm.

As shown in FIG. 3D, the use of prebent grid assembly 370 advantageouslyallows the reinforced wall structure to have an increased number ofhoops for a given wall thickness. Extension members are welded toportions of prebent grid assembly 370 to define each hoop.

Prebent grid assembly 370 is positioned in the space between the innerand outer standable support frames, and of course additionallongitudinally spaced prebent grid assemblies may also be positioned inthe space between the inner and outer standable support frames.

A three-dimensional hoop K is typically defined by eight welds: (1) welds at the junction of first extension member 40A and first longitudinalportion 372 of a first bent bar of the grid assembly, (2) weld t at thejunction of first extension member 40A and second longitudinal portion373 of the first bent bar, (3) weld s′ (not shown) at the junction of asecond extension member located directly below first extension member40A and first longitudinal portion 372 of a second bent bar locatedbelow the first bent bar, (4) weld t′ at the junction of the secondextension member and second longitudinal portion 373 of the secondvertical bar, (5) weld u at the junction of third extension member 40Cbeing at the same height as, and longitudinally spaced from, firstextension member 40A and first longitudinal portion 372 of a first bentbar, (6) weld v at the junction of third extension member 40C and secondlongitudinal portion 373 of the first bent bar, (7) weld u′ (not shown)at the junction of a fourth extension member located directly belowthird extension member 40C and first longitudinal portion 372 of thesecond bent bar, and (8) weld v′ (not shown) at the junction of thefourth extension member and second longitudinal portion 373 of thesecond bent bar. A vertical bar of prebent grid assembly 370 generallyextends between each pair of welds s-s′, t-t′, u-u′ and v-v′ to completethe three-dimensional hoop K.

An additional hoop L of smaller dimensions may be formed from firstextension member 40A between welds s and t, first transversal portion376, first longitudinal portion 372 between first transversal portion376 and weld s, and second longitudinal portion 373 between firsttransversal portion 376 and weld t. Tests conducted by the Applicantindicated that the impact resistance of a hoop reinforced wall structurethat is additionally reinforced by a prebent grid assembly has an impactresistance of greater than 60% relative to prior art wall structuresthat are reinforced only by a grid assembly, and not by hoops. A wallstructure having such a high impact resistance is able to remain intactafter being impacted by a projectile having a speed of up to 2500kilometer/hr.

FIG. 4 illustrates a high level schematic diagram of a high level topview of a portion of a temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 400. Temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 400comprises a pair of temporary hardenable material constructionapparatuses 300 positioned perpendicularly to each other. Temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus 400 further comprises aspiral staircase 410 at a corner 420 where perpendicularly positionedtemporary hardenable material construction apparatuses 300 meet. Asillustrated, a space exists between the ultimate freestandable supportframe 20 of a first of the pair of temporary hardenable materialconstruction apparatuses 300 and the ultimate freestandable supportframe 20 of the second of the pair of temporary hardenable materialconstruction apparatuses 300 at corner 420, spiral staircase 410positioned within the empty space of corner 420. Spiral staircase 410 isarranged to rise to the height of top portions 27 of freestandablesupport frames 20 so that a second level of freestandable support frames20, which are disposed on top of the first level of freestandablesupport frames 20, is easily accessible. If additional levels offreestandable support frames 20 are provided, as will be describedfurther below, spiral staircase 410 is arranged to rise to the highestlevel of freestandable support frames 20. For simplicity, only a portionof each temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 300 isillustrated. Additionally, for simplicity, grid assemblies 310 andsecuring members 320 are not illustrated.

FIG. 5A illustrates a high level perspective view of a portion of atemporary hardenable material construction apparatus 500. FIG. 5Billustrates a high level side view of the portion of temporaryhardenable material construction apparatus 500 of FIG. 5A. FIG. 5Cillustrates a high level perspective view of temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 500. FIG. 5D illustrates a high levelside view of temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 500.FIG. 5E illustrates a high level top view of temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 500. FIG. 5F illustrates a high levelperspective view of a temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 600. FIGS. 5A-5F are described together. Temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 500 is in all respects similar totemporary hardenable material construction apparatus 300 with theaddition of: a plurality of freestandable support frames 510; a ceilingpanel 520 exhibiting a first face 521, a second face 522 opposing firstface 521, a first side 523 extending from first face 521 to second face522, a second side 524 opposing first side 523 and extending from firstface 521 to second face 522, a third side 525 perpendicular to firstside 523 and extending from first face 521 to second face 522, and afourth side 526 opposing third side 525 and extending from first face521 to second face 522; and a plurality of hardenable material securingmembers 530. For clarity, extension members 40, grid assemblies 310 andsecuring members 320 are not shown. In one embodiment, ceiling panel 520comprises a drywall panel. Additionally, as illustrated in FIGS. 5C-5D,temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 500 comprises fourenclosure members 330 and four enclosure members 60, space 70 beingdefined between inner faces 52 of enclosure members 330 and inner faces62 of enclosure members 60.

Freestandable support frames 510 are in all respects similar tofreestandable support frames 20 and base portion 26 of eachfreestandable support frame 510 is positioned on top of top portion 27of a respective freestandable support frame 20 such that freestandablesupport frames 510 are supported by freestandable support frames 20.Enclosure member 330 extends from base portions 26 of freestandablesupport frames 20 to top portions 27 of freestandable support frames510.

Second face 522 of ceiling panel 520 is disposed on top portions 37 offreestandable support frames 30 and on enclosure member 60.Particularly, first side 523 of ceiling panel 520 meets the planedefined by inner face 62 of enclosure member 60, ceiling panel 520extending away from freestandable support frames 30. As illustrated inFIGS. 5C and 5D, ceiling panel 520 is disposed on four rows offreestandable support frames 30. Each of a first set of hardenablematerial securing members 530 extends vertically from within ceilingpanel 520 to a point above first face 521. In one embodiment, eachhardenable material support member 530 extends about 12 centimetersabove first face 521. In another embodiment, each hardenable materialsupport member 530 is 6-8 millimeters thick. In one embodiment,hardenable material securing members 530 are spaced apart from eachother at distances of about 60 centimeters. In another embodiment, eachhardenable material support member 530 comprises a screw. Similarly,each of a second set of hardenable material securing members 530 extendshorizontally from within enclosure member 60 to a point within space 70,displaced from inner face 62 of enclosure member 60. In one embodiment,wooden beams, and optionally an additional wooden panel, are disposedbetween ceiling panel 520 and top portions 37 of freestandable supportframes 30.

As described above in relation to temporary hardenable materialconstruction apparatus 400, a spiral staircase 410 is positioned at eachcorner of the rows of freestandable support frames 20 such thatfreestandable support frames 510 are easily accessible.

Hardenable material 80 is poured onto ceiling panel 520. Hardenablematerial 80, which as described above is a fluid material, such asconcrete, spills over first, second, third and fourth sides 523, 524,525, 526 of ceiling panel 520 into space 70 formed between the foursecond enclosure members 60 and four enclosure members 330. As a result,four walls and a ceiling are formed as a single block of hardenablematerial 80, which gradually hardens. Hardenable material securingmembers 530 are arranged to secure ceiling panel 520 and each ofenclosure members 60 to hardenable material 80 after hardening.Advantageously, in the embodiment where ceiling panel 520 and enclosuremembers 60 each comprise a drywall panel, the drywall panels aredirectly attached to the hardened hardenable material, without the useof plaster.

After pouring hardenable material 80, a second floor can be built, asillustrated in temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 600of FIG. 5F, which represents temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 500 after hardenable material 80 is poured. Particularly,temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 600 is in allrespects similar to temporary hardenable material construction apparatus500, with the exception that freestandable support frames 30 arereplaced with a plurality of freestandable support frames 610.Additionally, an enclosure member 620 is provided. Freestandable supportframes 610 are in all respects similar to freestandable support frames30, with the exception that base portions 36 of freestandable supportframes 610 are positioned on top of hardenable material 80, over ceilingpanel 520 and over the location of the previously positionedfreestandable support frames 30. Enclosure member 620 is in all respectssimilar to enclosure member 60, with the exception that enclosure member620 is positioned on top of hardenable material 80, over ceiling panel520 and over enclosure member 60. As described above in relation tofreestandable support frames 30, first face 32 of each freestandablesupport frame 30 is juxtaposed with outer face 64 of enclosure member620. As described above in relation to enclosure members 50 and 60, aspace 70 is defined between inner face 52 of enclosure member 330 andinner face 62 of enclosure member 620. A ceiling panel (not shown) canbe positioned on top of freestandable support frames 610 and hardenablematerial 80 can be poured thereon, as described above in relation totemporary hardenable material construction apparatus 500. As describedabove, extension members 40 extend through enclosure member 330 andenclosure member 620 and are secured to freestandable support frames 510and freestandable support frames 610.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 5G, an inner freestandable supportframe 630 is used to support ceiling panel 520. Temporary hardenablematerial construction apparatus 500 and 600 are applicable tofreestandable support frame 630, the other aspects thereof applying withthe exception of freestandable support frame 30, mutatis mutandis.

In order to facilitate its removal after ceiling panel 520 has beenformed thereabove, inner freestandable support frame 630 is configuredwith separate upper section 632 and lower section 634, which may beidentical, albeit oppositely oriented. To each upright 629 of uppersection 632 and to an upright 631 of lower section 634 aligned therewithis positioned in abutting relation, and releasably secured thereto, acorresponding elongated connector 637, which may have a uniform widthand be carefully positioned so as not to protrude into the space withinwhich the hardenable material is to be poured.

Inner freestandable support frame 630 generally, but not necessarily,has the same dimensions as freestandable support frame 30. For example,a rectilinear inner freestandable support frame 630 has a height of 270cm, a longitudinal dimension of 120 cm and a transversal dimension of 60cm. This height is achievable by providing a void area of 30 cm betweenupper section 632 and lower section 634 and by releasably securingconnector 637 having a length of 30 cm to the upright of both uppersection 632 and lower section 634. As additional means for ensuring thestructural strength of inner standable support frame 630, an insert 639is received within the void area in such a way so as to contact and bein force transmitting relation with both upper section 632 and lowersection 634. Insert 639 is releasably connected to connector 637.

After ceiling panel 520 has been formed and has hardened, each insert639 is detached from its corresponding connector 637, after which thefasteners by which connectors 637 are secured to a corresponding pair ofuprights 629 and 631 are released. As it is no longer connected to lowersection 634, upper section 632 is therefore able to be easily removedfrom below the ceiling panel.

It will be appreciated that inner freestandable support frame 630 may beconfigured with any other number of interconnectable sections.

Although the above has been described in relation to freestandablesupport frames 20, 30, 510, 610 and 630 this is not meant to be limitingin any way. In another embodiment, freestandable support frames 20, 30,510 and 610 can be replaced with support frames which are notfreestandable without exceeding the scope.

FIG. 6A illustrates a high level flow chart of a hardenable materialconstruction method. In stage 1000, a first enclosure member ispositioned in parallel with a second enclosure member such that a spaceis defined between an inner face of the first enclosure member and aninner face of the second enclosure member. Optionally, the secondenclosure member is formed of a drywall panel, optionally sealed with aliquid repelling material.

In stage 1010, a first freestandable support frame is juxtaposed with anouter face of the first enclosure member of stage 1000 or the outer faceof the second enclosure member of stage 1000. The outer face of thefirst enclosure member opposes the inner face of the first enclosuremember. The outer face of the second enclosure member opposes the innerface of the second enclosure member. First freestandable support frameextends from a first face to a second face, the first face thereofjuxtaposed with the outer face of the first enclosure member.Optionally, the distance between the first face and the second face ofthe first freestandable support frame is about 120 centimeters.Optionally, a plurality of first freestandable support frames are eachjuxtaposed with the outer face of the first enclosure member, or theouter face the second enclosure member, the plurality of firstfreestandable support frames arranged in a row. Optionally, the firstfreestandable support frame exhibits an indentation in the first facethereof, the indentation arranged to receive a protruding portion of thefirst enclosure member of stage 1000.

In optional stage 1020, a second freestandable support frame isjuxtaposed with an outer face of the second enclosure member of stage1000, the outer face of the second enclosure member opposing the innerface of the second enclosure member. In such an embodiment, the firstfreestandable support frame of stage 1010 is juxtaposed with the outerface of the first enclosure member of stage 1000. Optionally, aplurality of second freestandable support frames are each juxtaposedwith the outer face of the second enclosure member, the plurality ofsecond freestandable support frames arranged in a row.

In stage 1030, at least one extension member is inserted through thefirst enclosure member and the second enclosure member such that a firstend of the at least one extension member extends past the outer face ofthe first enclosure member of stage 1000 or a second end of the at leastone extension member, opposing the first end thereof, extends past theouter face of the second enclosure member of stage 1000.

In stage 1040, the at least one extension member of stage 1030,optionally the first end thereof, is secured to the first freestandablesupport frame of stage 1010. Optionally, a plurality of extensionmembers are each secured to a respective one of a plurality of firstfreestandable support frames. In optional stage 1050, the second end ofthe at least one extension member is secured to the second freestandablesupport frame of optional stage 1020. Optionally, a plurality ofextension members are each secured to a respective one of a plurality ofsecond freestandable support frames.

In stage 1060, subsequent to the securing the at least one extensionmember to the first and second freestandable support frame of stages1040-1050, hardenable material is poured into the space defined betweenthe first enclosure member and the second enclosure member of stage1000.

In optional stage 1070, prior to the pouring hardenable material ofstage 1060, an outer face of an insulation layer is positioned to facean inner face of an outer layer so as to form the first enclosure memberof stage 1000. The outer layer exhibits an outer face opposing the innerface thereof, an outer face of the first enclosure member of stage 1000,opposing the inner face thereof, comprising the outer face of the outerlayer. Additionally, the insulation layer exhibits an inner faceopposing the outer face thereof, the inner face of the first enclosuremember of stage 1000 comprising the inner face of the insulation layer.Optionally, the outer face of the insulation layer is positioned to bein direct contact with the inner face of the outer layer. Particularly,no plaster is disposed between the insulation layer and the outer layer.

In optional stage 1080, a grid assembly is disposed within the definedspace of stage 1000. Additionally, the grid assembly is secured to oneof a plurality of the extension members of stage 1030 so as to separatethe grid assembly from the insulation layer of optional stage 1070 by atleast a predetermined distance. In optional stage 1090, the insulationlayer is secured to the outer layer with a plurality of securingmembers, each of the plurality of securing members disposed on arespective one of a plurality of the extension members of stage 1030.

FIG. 6B illustrates a high level flow chart of optional stages offorming the first enclosure of stage 1000 of FIG. 6A. In stage 2000, afirst side of each of a plurality of slabs is positioned to face asecond side of another of the plurality of slabs, the second side ofeach of the plurality of slabs opposing the first side thereof. Thefirst side and second side of each of the plurality of slabs exhibit aslit configured to receive a respective one of a plurality of strips. Instage 2010, a respective one of the plurality of strips of stage 2000 isdisposed within the slit of the first side of each of the plurality ofslabs of stage 2000 and the slit of the second side of the respectiveanother slab.

In stage 2020, each of a plurality of the extension members of stage1030 is inserted through a respective one of a plurality of facadesecuring elements, the facade securing elements each secured to one of aplurality of facade members. Optionally, each facade member comprises aslab of stage 2000 and each facade securing element comprises a strip ofstage 2010. Optionally, the insertion through the first enclosure memberof stage 1030 is responsive to the insertion through the plurality offacade securing elements.

In optional stage 2030, each of a plurality of L-shaped corner members,each exhibiting a first end and a second end perpendicular to the firstend, is disposed within the slit of the first side of a first of theplurality of slabs of stage 2000 and within the slit of the first sideof a second of the plurality of slabs.

FIG. 6C illustrates a high level flow chart of further optional stagesof the hardenable material construction method of stages 1000-1090. Instage 3000, prior to the pouring hardenable material of stage 1060, aceiling panel is positioned to be supported by an upper portion of thesecond freestandable support frame of stage 1020. In stage 3010, a thirdfreestandable support frame is positioned on top of the firstfreestandable support frame. In stage 3020, the third freestandablesupport frame of stage 3010 is juxtaposed with the outer face of thefirst enclosure member, the insulation layer of the first enclosuremember of optional stage 1070 rising above the positioned ceiling panel.In stage 3030, hardenable material is poured onto the ceiling panel, thepouring hardenable material into the space defined between the firstenclosure member and the second enclosure member of stage 1060responsive to the pouring hardenable material onto the positionedceiling panel. The hardenable material spills from the ceiling panelinto the defined space such that a single block of hardenable materialis formed as a ceiling and walls.

In optional stage 3040, the positioned ceiling panel comprises a drywallpanel with a plurality of hardenable material securing members insertedinto the drywall panel such that each of the plurality of hardenablematerial securing members extend from within the drywall panel to apoint above a face of the drywall panel.

FIGS. 7A-7I illustrates various high level views of various stages ofconstruction using a temporary hardenable material constructionapparatus 700, according to certain embodiments. Particularly, FIG. 7Aillustrates a high level perspective view of a support structure 710comprising: a support frame 720; a pair of extension arms 730, eachexhibiting a first end 732 and a second end 734 opposing first end 732;a pair of inner support arms 740; and a pair of outer support arms 750.Support frame 720 comprises: a plurality of upper arms 760, eachexhibiting a first end 762 and a second end 764 opposing first end 762;a plurality of lower arms 770, each exhibiting a first end 772 and asecond end 774 opposing first end 772; a plurality of connection arms780, each exhibiting a first end 782 and a second end 784 opposing firstend 782; a base portion 790 exhibiting a first side 792, a second side794, a third side 796 and a fourth side 798; and a top portion 800exhibiting a first side 802, a second side 804, a third side 806 and afourth side 808.

Upper arms 760 each extend downwards in a generally vertical directionfrom top portion 800 at first end 762 thereof and lower arms 770 eachextend upwards in a generally vertical direction from base portion 790at first end 772 thereof such that second end 764 of each upper arm 760faces second end 774 of each lower arm 774, with an adjustable space 810between them. First end 782 of each connection arm 780 is secured to arespective upper arm 760 and the respective second end 784 is secured tothe opposing lower arm 770. In order to adjust the size of space 810,i.e. the distance between second ends 764 of upper arms 760 and secondends 774 of upper arms 770, upper arms 760 and lower arms 770 arerespectively connected to connecting arms 780 at different pointsthereof. In one embodiment, base portion 790 is generally rectangularshaped with short opposing sides 792 and 794 and long opposing sides 796and 798. First end 772 of each lower arm 770 is secured at a respectivecorner of the generally rectangular shaped base portion 790. In anotherembodiment, top portion 800 is generally rectangular shaped with shortopposing sides 802 and 804 and long opposing sides 806 and 808. Firstend 762 of each upper arm 760 is secured at a respective corner of thegenerally rectangular shaped top portion 800. In one embodiment, thelength of each of long sides 796, 798, 806 and 808 are at least 60centimeters, optionally at least 80 centimeter and further optionallyabout 120 centimeters. In another embodiment, the length of each ofshort sides 792, 794, 802 and 804 is at least 60 centimeters. In oneparticular embodiment, the length of each of short sides 792, 794, 802and 804 is about 60 centimeters and the length of each of long sides796, 798, 806 and 808 is about 120 centimeters. As described above inrelation to freestandable support frames 20 and 30, such dimensionsallow for support frame 720 to be freestandable and further allows fortwo workers to simultaneously be inside support frame 720. In oneembodiment, support frame 720 is bolted into the floor.

A first extension arm 730 extends from side 806 of top portion 800, atfirst end 732 thereof, and a second extension arm 730 extends from side808 of top portion 800, at first end 732 thereof. In one embodiment,side 806 and first extension arm 730 form a single beam and side 808 andsecond extension arm 730 form a single beam. In one embodiment, thelength of each extension arm 730 is no more than 150 centimeters suchthat support frame 720 can support inner support arms 740 and outersupport arms 750, as will be described below. A first outer support arm750 extends downward in a generally vertical direction from second end734 of first extension arm 730 and a second outer support arm 750extends downward in a generally vertical direction from second end 734of second extension arm 730. A first inner support arm 740 extendsdownward in a generally vertical direction from a predetermined point offirst extension arm 730 and a second inner support arm 740 extendsdownward in a generally vertical direction from a predetermined point ofsecond extension arm 730. The distance between inner support arms 740and outer support arms 750 is denoted 820, distance 820 being determinedin accordance with the desired wall dimensions, as will be describedbelow. In one non-limiting embodiment, distance 820 is about 30centimeters. The distance between inner support arms 740 and supportframe 720 is denoted 830. In one embodiment, distance 830 is between60-120 centimeters, optionally 80-100 centimeters. These distances 830short enough to allow support frame 720 to support inner support arms740 and outer support arms 750 and long enough to allow space to workand walk through.

As illustrated in FIG. 7E, support structure further comprises aplurality of elongated strengthening arms 840. A first set ofstrengthening arms 840 extend from first inner support arm 740 tosupport frame 720 and a second set of strengthening arms 840 extend fromsecond inner support arm 740 to support frame 720, thereby strengtheningthe connection between inner support arms 740 to support frame 720. Inone embodiment, each set of strengthening arms 840 comprises a pluralityof strengthening arms 840 in a ladder like structure and generallyevenly spaced. In another embodiment, strengthening arms 840 ispositioned within support structure 710, i.e. in the space between thepair of inner support arms 740, such that a plurality of supportstructures 710 can be positioned flush against each other as illustratedin FIG. 7F.

As illustrated in FIG. 7B, in a first stage of construction, where innersupport arms 740 and strengthening arms 840 are not yet provided, afirst strip 120 is secured to the bottom of each outer support arm 750.Particularly, a plurality of support extension members 850 are provided,each exhibiting a first end 852 and a second end 854 opposing first end852. In one embodiment, each support extension member is a bar about 8millimeters thick. A first support extension member 850 extends througha respective hole 140 of first strip 120 and is secured to first outersupport arm 750 at first end 852 thereof. A second support extensionmember 850 extends through a respective hole 140 of first strip 120 andis secured to second outer support arm 750 at first end 852 thereof. Inone embodiment, first end 852 is sharpened to allow support extensionmembers 850 to be screwed into the respective outer support arms 750. Inone embodiment, a plastic sheath (not shown) is arranged to cover eachsupport extension member 850 to allow easier extraction of supportextension members 850 from hardenable material, as will be describedbelow. Additionally, in one embodiment, a plurality of free extensionmembers 860 are provided, each exhibiting a first end 862 and a secondend 864 opposing first end 862. In one embodiment, each free extensionmember 860 is a bar about 8 millimeters thick. First end 862 of each ofa pair of free extension members 860 extend through a respective hole140 of first strip 120. In one embodiment, a cap is screwed over firstend 862 of each free extension member 860 so as to remain secured tofirst strip 120.

A first slab 110 is the positioned over the secured first strip 120,with first strip 120 disposed within slit 130 of first side 113 of firstslab 110, as described above in relation to enclosure member 100 ofFIGS. 2A-21. A second strip 120 is disposed within slit 130 of secondside 114 of first slab 110 and a pair of support extension members 850and a pair of free extension members 860 are inserted through respectiveholes 140 of second strip 120, as described above. Slabs 110 and strips120 are interchangeably positioned over each other, with supportextension members 850 and free extension members 860 inserted throughrespective holes 140, until the uppermost strip 120 is adjacent toextension arms 730, as illustrated in FIG. 7C.

As further illustrated in FIG. 7C, a panel 870 and a panel 880 areprovided. Panel 870 exhibits an inner face 872 and an outer face 874opposing inner face 872. Panel 880 exhibits an inner face 882 and anouter face 884 opposing inner face 882. In one non-limiting embodiment,panel 870 and panel 880 are each a RAPID composite wall panelcommercially available from Green & Easy House Inc. of Rishon Le'tzion,Israel. Outer face 874 of panel 870 is positioned against slabs 110 withsupport extension members 850 and free extension members 860 extendingtherethrough such that panel 870 and slabs 110 for an enclosure member890, as described above in relation to insulation layer 150.Particularly, inner face 874 of panel 870 faces support frame 720. Outerface 874 of panel 870 substantially covers all of the stacked slabs 110and strips 120. Panel 880 is positioned between panel 870 and supportframe 720 such that inner face 882 of panel 880 faces inner face 872 ofpanel 870 with support extension members 850 and free extension members860 extending therethrough, thereby forming an enclosure member 900. Inone embodiment, the size and shape of panels 870 and 880 are generallyequal. A space 70 is thus defined between enclosure members 890 and 900,i.e. between inner face 872 of panel 870 and inner face 882 of panel880.

As illustrated in FIG. 7D, first and second inner support arms 740 arepositioned against outer face 884 of panel 880 with support extensionmembers 850 extending through inner support arms 740. In one embodiment,a nut is screwed onto each support extension member 850 such that innersupport arms 740 are secured to panel 880. In another embodiment, innersupport arms 740 are each secured to the respective extension arm 730.Thus, enclosure member 890 is juxtaposed with inner support arms 740 andenclosure member 900 is juxtaposed with outer support arms 750. Asillustrated in FIG. 7E, elongated strengthening arms 840 are secured toinner support arms 740 and support frame 720, as described above.

As illustrated in FIG. 7F, a plurality of support structures 710, withthe respective slabs 110, strips 120, support extension members 850,free extension members 860, panel 870 and panel 880, are positionedadjacent to each other such that panels 870 form a single panel andpanels 880 form a single panel with space 70 defined therebetween. Asillustrated in FIG. 7G, hardenable material 80 is poured into space 70.

As illustrated in FIG. 7H, after hardenable material 80 is poured andthe pressure applied to panels 870 and 880 is reduced, inner support arm740 and elongated strengthening arms 840 are removed. Support extensionmembers are then extracted from outer support arms 750 and removed fromhardenable material 80. As illustrated in FIG. 7I, outer support arms750 are removed. In one embodiment, outer support arms 750 are removedtogether with extension arms 730. As described above in relation toFIGS. 1-3, a wall comprised of hardenable material 80 is sandwichedbetween panel 880 the combination of panel 870 and slabs 110, with freeextension members 860 securing slabs 110, via strips 120, to panel 870.

Advantageously, temporary hardenable material construction apparatus 700allows to construct building walls without the use of cranes, or withlimited use thereof, since the walls are constructed utilizing thesupport of support frames 720 which are inside the building. It isparticularly noted that the features of temporary hardenable materialconstruction apparatus 700 can be incorporated with the features oftemporary hardenable material construction apparatuses 200 and 300, andthe appropriate features of temporary hardenable material constructionapparatuses 10, 400, 500 and 600, as would be clear to one skilled inthe art at the time of the invention.

Although the above has been described wherein a plurality of freeextension members 860 are provided to secure panels 870 and 880 tostrips 120, this is not meant to be limiting in any way. In anotherembodiment (not shown), strips 120 are secured to a grid assembly, suchas grid assembly 310 described above, optionally by metal wires bentthrough a pair of holes 140 and tied to the grid assembly after beinginserted through panel 870. Similarly, panel 880 is secured to the gridassembly, optionally by bent metal wires being inserted therethrough atat least two points and tied to the grid assembly.

FIG. 8A illustrates a high level flow chart of a second hardenablematerial construction method. In stage 4000, an outer face of a firstenclosure member is juxtaposed with a first outer support arm. The firstouter support arm extends from a support frame. Optionally, the firstouter support arm extends across the entirety of the outer face of thefirst enclosure member. Optionally, the first outer support arm issecured to a first extension arm extending from the support frame, theextension of the first outer support arm from the support frameresponsive to the securement to the first extension arm. In stage 4010,a first end of at least one support extension member is secured to thefirst outer support arm of stage 4000.

In stage 4020, a first inner support arm is juxtaposed with an outerface of a second enclosure member. The first inner support arm extendsfrom the support frame of stage 4000. Optionally, the first innersupport arm extends across the entirety of the outer face of the secondenclosure member. Optionally, the first inner support arm is secured toa first extension arm extending from the support frame, the extension ofthe first inner support arm from the support frame responsive to thesecurement to the first extension arm. Optionally, the distance betweenthe support frame and the second enclosure member is 60-120 centimeters,further optionally 80-100 centimeters. In stage 4030, a second end ofthe at least one support extension member of stage 4010 is secured tothe first inner support arm of stage 4020.

In stage 4040, subsequent to the securing of stages 4010 and 4030,hardenable material is placed into the space defined between an innerface of the first enclosure member of stage 4000 and the inner face ofthe first enclosure member of stage 4020. The secured at least onesupport extension member of stages 4010 and 4030 extends through thefirst and second enclosure member.

In optional stage 4050, prior to the placement of hardenable material ofstage 4040, a second outer support arm and a second inner support armare each secured to a second extension member which extends from thesupport frame of stage 4000. The at least one support extension membercomprises a plurality of support extension members. A first end of afirst support extension member is secured to the first outer support armof stage 4000. A first end of a second support extension member issecured to the second outer support arm. A second end of the firstsupport extension member is secured to the first inner support arm ofstage 4020. A second end of the second support extension member issecured to the second inner support arm.

In optional stage 4060, prior to the placement of hardenable material ofstage 4040, elongated strengthening arms are each secured between thefirst inner support arm of stage 4020 and the support frame of stage4000.

In optional stage 4070, prior to the placement of hardenable material ofstage 4040, a plurality of free extension member are extended throughthe first enclosure member of stage 4000 and the second enclosure memberof stage 4020. The free extension members are not secured to either thefirst outer support arm of stage 4000 or the first inner support arm ofstage 4020.

In optional stage 4080, an insulation layer is secured to an outer layerof the first enclosure member of stage 4000, with securing members eachdisposed on a respective free extension member of optional stage 4070.In optional stage 4090, prior to the placement of hardenable material ofstage 4040, a grid assembly is disposed within the defined space ofstage 4040. The grid assembly is further secured to a free extensionmember of optional stage 4070 so as to separate the grid assembly fromthe insulation layer of optional stage 4080 by at least a predetermineddistance.

FIG. 8B illustrates a high level flow chart of optional stages offorming the first enclosure of stage 4000 of FIG. 8A. In stage 5000, afirst side of each of a plurality of slabs is positioned to face asecond side of another of the plurality of slabs, the second side ofeach of the plurality of slabs opposing the first side thereof. Thefirst side and second side of each of the plurality of slabs exhibit aslit configured to receive a respective one of a plurality of strips. Instage 5010, a respective one of the plurality of strips of stage 5000 isdisposed within the slit of the first side of each of the plurality ofslabs of stage 5000 and the slit of the second side of the respectiveanother slab.

In stage 5020, the at least one support extension member of stage 4010is inserted through a respective one of a plurality of facade securingelements, the facade securing elements each secured to one of aplurality of facade members. Optionally, each facade member comprises aslab of stage 5000 and each facade securing element comprises a strip ofstage 5010. Optionally, the extension of the at least one supportextension member through the first enclosure member of stage 4040 isresponsive to the insertion through the respective facade securingelement.

In optional stage 5030, each of a plurality of L-shaped corner members,each exhibiting a first end and a second end perpendicular to the firstend, is disposed within the slit of the first side of a first of theplurality of slabs of stage 5000 and within the slit of the first sideof a second of the plurality of slabs.

It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, forclarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also beprovided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, variousfeatures of the invention which are, for brevity, described in thecontext of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or inany suitable sub-combination.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meanings as are commonly understood by one of ordinaryskill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although methodssimilar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in thepractice or testing of the present invention, suitable methods aredescribed herein.

All publications, patent applications, patents, and other referencesmentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. Incase of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, willprevail. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples areillustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

The terms “include”, “comprise” and “have” and their conjugates as usedherein mean “including but not necessarily limited to”.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the presentinvention is not limited to what has been particularly shown anddescribed hereinabove. Rather the scope of the present invention isdefined by the appended claims and includes both combinations andsub-combinations of the various features described hereinabove as wellas variations and modifications thereof, which would occur to personsskilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description.

1. A temporary hardenable material construction apparatus comprising: asupport structure comprising a support frame, a first inner support armextending from said support frame and a first outer support armextending from said support frame; at least one support extensionmember, said at least one support extension member exhibiting a firstend and a second end opposing said first end; a first enclosure memberexhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing said inner face; anda second enclosure member exhibiting an inner face and an outer faceopposing said inner face, said second enclosure member positioned inparallel with said first enclosure member such that a space is definedbetween said inner face of said first enclosure member and said innerface of said second enclosure member, wherein said first outer supportarm is juxtaposed with said outer face of said first enclosure member,wherein said first inner support arm is juxtaposed with said outer faceof said second enclosure member, wherein said at least one supportextension member extends through said first enclosure member and saidsecond enclosure member such that said first end of said at least onesupport extension member extends past said outer face of said firstenclosure member and said second end of said at least one supportextension member extends past said outer face of said second enclosuremember, and wherein said first end of said at least one supportextension member is secured to said first outer support arm and saidsecond end of said at least one support extension member is secured tosaid first inner support arm.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein saidsupport structure further comprises a first extension arm extending fromsaid support frame, said extension of said first outer support arm fromsaid support frame responsive to said first outer support arm beingsecured to said first extension arm and said extension of said firstinner support arm from said support frame responsive to said first innersupport arm being secured to said first extension arm.
 3. The apparatusof claim 2, wherein said support structure further comprises a secondextension arm extending from said support frame, a second inner supportarm secured to said second extension arm and a second outer support armsecured to said second extension arm, and wherein said at least onesupport extension member comprises a plurality of support extensionmembers, said first end of a first of said plurality of supportextension members secured to said first outer support arm, said firstend of a second of said plurality of support extension members securedto said second outer support arm, said second end of said first of saidplurality of support extension members secured to said first innersupport arm and said second end of said second of said plurality ofsupport extension members secured to said second inner support arm. 4.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said support structure furthercomprises a plurality of elongated strengthening arms, each exhibiting afirst end and a second end opposing said first end, and wherein saidfirst end of each of said plurality of elongated strengthening arms issecured to said first inner support arm and said second end of each ofsaid plurality of elongated strengthening arms is secured to said secondinner support arm.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distancebetween said support frame and said second enclosure member is 60-120centimeters.
 6. (canceled)
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, furthercomprising a plurality of free extension members, each of said pluralityof free extension members exhibiting a first end and a second endopposing said first end, wherein each of said plurality of freeextension members extends through said first enclosure member and saidsecond enclosure member, and wherein said first end of each of saidplurality of free extension members is not secured to said first outersupport arm and said second end of each of said plurality of freeextension members is not secured to said first inner support arm.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein said first inner support arm extendsacross the entirety of said outer face of said second enclosure member,and wherein said first outer support arm extends across the entirety ofsaid outer face of said first enclosure member. 9-14. (canceled)
 15. Astructure comprising: a plurality of extension members, each of saidplurality of extension members exhibiting a first end and a second endopposing said first end; a first enclosure member exhibiting an innerface and an outer face opposing said inner face; and a second enclosuremember exhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing said innerface, said second enclosure member positioned in parallel with saidfirst enclosure member such that a space is defined between said innerface of said first enclosure member and said inner face of said secondenclosure member, said space filled with a wall layer of hardenablematerial; wherein each of said plurality of extension members extendsthrough said first enclosure member and said second enclosure member,and wherein said first enclosure member comprises: a plurality of facademembers; and a plurality of facade securing elements, each of saidplurality of facade securing elements secured to a perimeter of arespective one of said plurality of facade members, wherein each of saidplurality of extension members extends through a respective one of saidplurality of facade securing elements.
 16. The structure of claim 15,wherein each of said plurality of facade securing elements comprises astrip, wherein each of said plurality of facade members comprises aslab, each of said plurality of slabs exhibiting a first face, a secondface opposing said first face, a first side extending from said firstface to said second face and a second side opposing said first side,each of said first side and said second side exhibiting a slittherealong, said slit configured to receive a respective one of saidplurality of strips, and wherein said first side of each of saidplurality of slabs faces said second side of another of said pluralityof slabs, a respective one of said plurality of strips disposed withinsaid slit of said first side of said respective slab and within saidslit of said second side of said another respective slab, each of saidplurality of extension members extending through a respective one ofsaid plurality of strips.
 17. The structure of claim 16, furthercomprising a plurality of L-shaped corner members, each of said L-shapedcorner members exhibiting a first end and a second end perpendicular tosaid first end, said slit of each of said plurality of slabs furtherconfigured to receive one of a first end and a second end of arespective one of said plurality of L-shaped corner members, whereinsaid at least one first enclosure member comprises a pair of firstenclosure members positioned perpendicular to each other, said first endof each of said plurality of L-shaped corner members disposed withinsaid slit of said first side of a respective one of said plurality ofslabs of a first of said pair of first enclosure members and said secondend of each of said plurality of L-shaped corner members disposed withinsaid slit of said first side of a respective one of said plurality ofslabs of a second of said pair of first enclosure members.
 18. Thestructure of claim 15, wherein said first enclosure member comprises: anouter layer exhibiting an inner face and an outer face opposing saidinner face, said outer face of said first enclosure member comprisingsaid outer face of said outer layer, said outer layer comprising saidplurality of facade members and said plurality of facade securingelements; and an insulation layer exhibiting an inner face and an outerface opposing said inner face, said inner face of said insulation layerfacing said inner face of said second enclosure member, said outer faceof said insulation layer facing said inner face of said outer layer. 19.The structure of claim 18, wherein said outer face of said insulationlayer is in direct contact with said inner face of said outer layer. 20.The structure of claim 18, further comprising: a grid assembly disposedwithin said hardenable material; a plurality of securing members, eachof said plurality of securing members disposed on a respective one ofsaid plurality of extension members and juxtaposed with said insulationlayer to secure said insulation layer to said outer layer; and whereinsaid grid assembly is secured to one of said plurality of extensionmembers so as to separate said grid assembly from said insulation layerby at least a predetermined distance.
 21. The structure of claim 15,further comprising: a ceiling panel positioned over said secondenclosure member; and a ceiling layer of hardenable material disposed onsaid ceiling panel, said insulation layer of said first enclosure memberrising above said ceiling layer of hardenable material.
 22. A hardenablematerial construction method, the method comprising: juxtaposing anouter face of a first enclosure member to a first outer support arm, thefirst outer support arm extending from a support frame; securing a firstend of at least one support extension member to the first outer supportarm; juxtaposing a first inner support arm to an outer face of a secondenclosure member, the first inner support arm extending from a supportframe; securing a second end of the at least one support extensionmember to the first inner support arm; and subsequent to said securingthe at least one support extension member to the first inner supportarm, placing hardenable material into the space defined between an innerface of the first enclosure member and an inner face of the secondenclosure member, the inner face of the first enclosure member opposingthe outer face of the first enclosure member and the inner face of thesecond enclosure member opposing the outer face of the second enclosuremember, wherein said secured at least one support extension memberextends through the first enclosure member and the second enclosuremember.
 23. The method of claim 22, further comprising, prior to saidplacing: securing the first outer support arm to a first extension armextending from the support frame, the extension of the first outersupport arm from the support frame responsive to said securing; andsecuring the first inner support arm to the first extension arm, theextension of the first inner support arm from the support frameresponsive to said securing.
 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the atleast one support extension member comprises a plurality of supportextension members, the method further comprising, prior to said placing:securing a second outer support arm to a second extension arm extendingfrom the support frame; and securing a second inner support arm to thesecond extension arm, wherein the first end of a first of the pluralityof support extension members secured to the first outer support arm, thefirst end of a second of the plurality of support extension memberssecured to the second outer support arm, the second end of the first ofthe plurality of support extension members secured to the first innersupport arm and the second end of the second of said plurality ofsupport extension members secured to the second inner support arm. 25.The method of claim 22, further comprising, prior to said placing:securing a first end of each of a plurality of elongated strengtheningarms to the first inner support arm; and securing a second end of eachof the plurality of elongated strengthening arms to the support frame.26-27. (canceled)
 28. The method of claim 22, further comprising, priorto said placing, extending a plurality of free extension members throughthe first enclosure member and the second enclosure member, wherein saidextended free extension members are not secured to said first innersupport arm or to said first outer support arm.
 29. The method of claim22, wherein the first inner support arm extends across the entirety ofthe outer face of the second enclosure member, and wherein the firstouter support arm extends across the entirety of the outer face of thefirst enclosure member. 30-35. (canceled)